A series of highly efficient polymer-immobilized gold catalysts were prepared for the oxidative carbonylation of aniline and its derivatives to obtain carbamates and symmetric ureas in a clean, simple, solvent-free, and obtainable product-ready way.TEM showed that the average gold particle size of fresh catalyst was less than 10 nm.

★★★☆☆ Feng Shi and Youquan Deng. Journal of Catalysis 211, 548–551 (2002).